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Define terminologies for transmission impairments

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Here are some commonly used terminologies in the context of transmission impairments:

  1. Attenuation: Attenuation is the reduction in signal strength as it travels over a distance. It is caused by various factors, such as resistance, inductance and capacitance, in the transmission medium.
  2. Distortion: Distortion occurs when the signal is altered or distorted during transmission, resulting in errors or corruption of the original signal. Distortion can be caused by various factors, such as noise, interference and nonlinearities in the transmission medium. 
  3. Noise: Noise is an unwanted signal that interferes with the original signal during transmission. It can be caused by various sources such as electromagnetic interference (EMI), crosstalk and thermal noise.
  4. Interference: Interference is a form of noise that is caused by external sources, such as other electronic devices or radio waves. It can cause distortions in the original signal and affect the quality of the transmission.
  5. Delay: Delay is the amount of time it takes for a signal to travel from the transmitter to the receiver. It can be caused by various factors, such as the distance between the transmitter and receiver, the speed of the transmission medium, and the processing time of the equipment.
  6. Jitter: Jitter is the variation in the timing of a signal as it is transmitted over a distance. It can be caused by various factors, such as interference, noise and variations in the processing time of the equipment.
  7. These are some of the commonly used terminologies in the context of transmission impairments. Understanding these concepts is important for designing and maintaining reliable communication systems.

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